Withdrawal Policy

Authors may withdraw a manuscript at any time before acceptance by writing to the editor. After acceptance, withdrawal is granted only for serious reasons and the APC, if already paid, is not refunded once production has begun. A manuscript is considered withdrawn if the authors do not respond to editorial correspondence for 90 days.

Removal

An article is removed from the website only in exceptional cases: where it is defamatory, infringes legal rights, is subject to a court order, or where its continued availability poses a serious health or security risk. The metadata and a notice explaining the removal remain.

Last updated: 29 September 2026