Recurrent Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland

Abstract

Background: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor of the parotid gland. Although surgical excision is usually curative, recurrence may occur due to incomplete removal or microscopic residual tumor, necessitating careful long-term follow-up. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male presented with a gradually enlarging, painless swelling below the left ear lobule that had been increasing in size over one year. The patient had undergone surgical excision of a similar swelling at the same site four years earlier. Clinical examination revealed a firm, well-defined, 10 × 6 cm mass in the left parotid region with a previous surgical scar, upward displacement of the ear lobule, and no evidence of facial nerve palsy or cervical lymphadenopathy. The lesion was surgically excised. Discussion: Histopathological examination demonstrated a well-circumscribed tumor composed of epithelial, myoepithelial, and stromal components with characteristic tubular and acinar structures embedded in a myxoid stroma, confirming recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. The absence of facial nerve involvement and lymph node enlargement supported the benign nature of the lesion. Conclusion: This case highlights the potential for recurrence of pleomorphic adenoma following surgical treatment. Complete surgical excision with preservation of the facial nerve and long-term postoperative surveillance are essential to minimize recurrence and ensure favorable patient outcomes.