A Novel Case of Subcutaneous Emphysema
Abstract
Background: Subcutaneous emphysema is a condition characterized by the accumulation of air within the subcutaneous tissues, most commonly following trauma or injury to the chest. Although mild cases are often self-limiting, severe cases may result in significant complications if the underlying cause is not addressed. Case Presentation: A 20-year-old male presented with a painless, round swelling over the upper chest three days after sustaining blunt chest trauma. Physical examination revealed palpable crepitus, consistent with a clinical diagnosis of subcutaneous emphysema. The patient was managed conservatively with observation and advised to seek medical attention if symptoms worsened. However, he was subsequently lost to follow-up. Discussion: Subcutaneous emphysema commonly affects the chest, neck, and face due to their proximity to the lungs. Diagnosis is primarily clinical and can be supported by imaging studies such as chest X-ray, which may demonstrate the gingko leaf sign, and computed tomography (CT), which can identify subcutaneous air and determine its source. In uncomplicated cases, the trapped air is gradually reabsorbed, and complete resolution typically occurs within two weeks. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of recognizing the characteristic clinical features of subcutaneous emphysema following blunt chest trauma. Early diagnosis, appropriate monitoring, and identification of the underlying cause are essential to ensure favorable outcomes and prevent potential complications.
