Evaluation of echocardiographic assessment as a Prognostic Tool in coronary artery disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22814561Keywords:
echocardiography, coronary artery disease, prognosis, left ventricular function, global longitudinal strainAbstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide, and echocardiography is the most widely available, radiation-free imaging modality for evaluating its functional consequences and long-term prognosis.
Objective: This review synthesizes the evidence on transthoracic, stress, and speckle-tracking echocardiographic parameters as prognostic tools in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease.
Methods: We reviewed cohort studies, randomized trials, and meta-analyses addressing left ventricular ejection fraction, wall motion score index, diastolic function, stress echocardiography, global longitudinal strain, and contrast and three-dimensional echocardiographic techniques in CAD populations.
Findings: Left ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion score index after myocardial infarction stratify mortality risk, inducible ischemia and viability on dobutamine stress echocardiography predict future events and guide revascularization, and global longitudinal strain by speckle-tracking detects subclinical dysfunction and outperforms ejection fraction for early risk prediction in several cohorts.
Conclusions: Echocardiography, particularly when strain imaging and stress protocols are incorporated alongside conventional volumetric measures, provides incremental and complementary prognostic information across the spectrum of coronary artery disease and should remain central to post-infarction and ischemia risk stratification.
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