Micronutrient-Fortified Complementary Feeding and Growth Outcomes in Infants Aged Six to Twelve Months: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Micronutrient-fortified complementary foods, including multiple micronutrient powders (MNP) and small-quantity
lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS), are widely promoted to address growth faltering during the complementary feeding
period. Objective: To synthesise published randomised evidence on micronutrient-fortified complementary feeding and growth
outcomes in infants aged six to twelve months. Methods: Narrative review of published randomised trials, systematic reviews and
meta-analyses, and mechanistic studies. Findings: SQ-LNS consistently and modestly improve length, weight, and reduce stunting
and wasting prevalence, whereas MNP improve iron and anaemia status with more limited, inconsistent growth effects.
Conclusions: Fortified complementary feeding, particularly SQ-LNS, is an effective adjunct to reduce growth faltering, though
effect sizes remain modest and context-dependent.