Emerging Role of hormonal profile analysis in the Diagnosis of endometriosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22813783Keywords:
endometriosis, hormonal profile, CA-125, anti-Mullerian hormone, biomarker diagnosisAbstract
Background: Laparoscopy remains the reference standard for diagnosing endometriosis, but the diagnostic delay averages seven to eleven years, motivating research into circulating hormonal biomarkers given the disease's estrogen-dependent, progesterone-resistant pathophysiology [1,8].
Objective: This review synthesizes evidence on hormonal profile analysis, spanning estradiol, progesterone resistance markers, gonadotropins, anti-Mullerian hormone, and hormonally regulated mediators such as CA-125, as a non-invasive diagnostic strategy for endometriosis.
Methods: We conducted a narrative synthesis of cohort, case-control, and systematic review evidence reporting diagnostic accuracy of hormonal and hormonally regulated analytes against laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis.
Findings: CA-125 alone shows sensitivity of approximately 63% and specificity of approximately 81% [12]; anti-Mullerian hormone is reduced in endometrioma and reflects ovarian reserve impact rather than disease presence [22]; combined multi-analyte panels outperform any single marker, with reported areas under the curve of 0.80-0.90 [28,30].
Conclusions: No single hormonal marker replaces laparoscopy, but combined panels grounded in the disease's endocrine pathophysiology offer the most promising near-term route to a validated, minimally invasive diagnostic pathway [13,15].
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