Long-Term Follow-Up of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22812604Keywords:
GLP-1 receptor agonist, type 2 diabetes mellitus, long-term follow-up, glycaemic control, cardiovascular outcomesAbstract
Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are now foundational therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but long-term real-world durability data beyond three years remain limited. We report a five-year, multi-centre follow-up of GLP-1RA therapy in routine practice.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study followed 612 adults with T2DM initiating liraglutide, dulaglutide, semaglutide or exenatide across three centres, with structured assessment of HbA1c, weight, cardiometabolic risk and persistence to 60 months.
Results: Mean HbA1c fell 1.3 percentage points by 24 months (nadir 7.3%, p<0.001), remaining 1.0 point below baseline at 60 months. Weight fell up to 4.6% before partial attenuation. Major cardiovascular events occurred at 18.7/1000 patient-years. Five-year persistence was 51%; gastrointestinal events drove early discontinuation.
Conclusion: GLP-1RA benefits on glycaemia, weight and cardiometabolic risk were largely sustained over five years of routine practice, with a safety profile consistent with randomised trials.
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